Josef Fritzl - Other Cases of Abduction and Imprisonment of Adults and Children

HISTORICAL CASES OF ABDUCTION, IMPRISONMENT, SEXUAL ABUSE & MURDER OF ADULTS AND CHILDREN
By Parents and Strangers
Original Post: 11 June 2008 / Updated 28 August 2009

"History Is A Vast Early Warning System" Norman Cousins
But Only Those With An EDUCATION, Know This.....

Some Aspects of the following Historical Cases are relevant to the Unfolding Story of Jaycee (JC) Lee (Allissa) Dugard. As We already know in the Case of the Abduction of JAYC33 L33 DUGARD, Phillip Garrido Is Using God/Religion/Angels To Manipulate Ignorant Fools and Divert Attention Away From Serious Heinous Sexual Crimes/Perversions. So did Josef "Immaculate Conception" Fritzl and Others. Well Josef's Wife Was called roseMARY.....

I have made reference to 33 above, in place of letters. Refer to my other blog HERE, which contains some examples of 33s in action elsewhere. Page Down.....

An Ordinary Couple To Irresponsible Outsiders Who Trust/Believe Anyone, In The UK
- Fred and RoseMary West's Story Below

A day was going to come when Garrido would Retire, enter the Public Eye with Maximum Media Attention, delivering Fresh Material to Hollywood, similar to the day when Fritzl arrived. Today Fritzl relaxes in a 5* Retirement Home (High Security (Mental) Institution) with maximum protection/security. No Deterrent, No Punishment, Just Maximum Protection. It Makes You Wonder......

There Were Similar Attitudes Towards Sexual Crimes Committed During World War II. They Refused To Prosecute Anyone For Sexual Crimes At Nuremberg. Refer To My Post: 4NAZI GERMANY - 'Forced Prostitution and Rape Cases Not Tried' At The Nuremberg Trials

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JAYCEE (JC) LEE DUGARD
Born 3 May 1980, South Lake Tahoe, California
Disappeared On 10 June 1991, Aged 11

On 10 June 1991, Jaycee Dugard's stepfather Carl Probyn saw two people in a gray sedan, pull up to a bus stop where Jaycee was waiting and abducted her. Her stepfather was initially a suspect in her disappearance, and took several lie-detector tests.

Alleged Abductor:
Phillip Craig Garrido (Born 5 April 1951, Contra Costa County, California, USA)
A registered sex offender who had spent time in Leavenworth Penitentiary following a 1971 conviction for rape)
Address: 1554 Walnut Ave, Antioch, CA

On 25 August 2009, Phillip Garrido brought two girls, ages 11 and 15, to University of California, Berkeley to distribute religious literature. A campus officer spotted the trio and ran a background check. After learning of Garrido's 1971 rape conviction, she contacted his parole officer. At a parole meeting the next day, Garrido brought the two girls in, along with a woman named "Allissa." They turned out to be Jaycee and the two children she had borne in captivity. Garrido and his wife (Nancy Garrido) were arrested on the spot, and Jaycee was turned over to police. On 27 August 2009, the woman was confirmed to be Jaycee Lee.

Law enforcement officers believe that Jaycee Lee Dugard was kept in outdoor sheds or tents in a hidden area behind Phillip Garrido's residence and was used as a sex slave for Garrido and his wife Nancy. Dugard became pregnant several times during captivity, bearing at least two daughters. According to law enforcement, Dugard was in good physical health, but neither Dugard or her daughters had been to school or had seen a doctor in the years since she was abducted.


News is Currently Breaking On This Story So Only A Few Links of Interest, At The Moment
FBI Kidnap File (FBI)
KCRA 3 - Full Video Interview With Phillip Craig Garrido - KCRA (USA)
Garrido kept an internet blog associated with God’s Desire church : Voices Revealed
Kidnap of Jaycee Lee Dugard - Wiki
They Slept In My Arms Every Night! : Sick boasts of kidnapper who held Jaycee Dugard for 18 years and fathered her two children - Daily Mail (UK) - 28 August 2009

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TIME IS UP!

Common Sense Must Prevail Everyone......... As We All Know, Religions Have Had Ample Time (Centuries and Each Generation) To Invoke Their God Publicly, To Demonstrate To Believers and Non-Believers Alike, that A Superior Being Exists and Even Supports Their Religious Endeavours. No Proof Has Been Forthcoming. Unfortunately history has already proven, beliefs have often been cemented through conformity, coercion/persecution/bloodshed, tax evasion/avoidance strategies and hand outs.

Common Sense Must Prevail Everyone....... As a consequence, nobody should be surprised when they eventually learn about hidden elements within religions and external entities, who have pursued impersonating God and even arousing dark/evil elements through All known Methods to mankind, including the ancient practices of Human Sacrifice and Sacrificial Worship. We can not ignore the fact that these (religious) entities may also be acting on the Assumed Communications of Energies/Dark Forces in their environment, which they believe are relaying messages, through certain Events, People and Objects.

When considering the relevance of a Human Being's judgment in life, one must consider how many facts and how much evidence a person truly gathers and needs before establishing beliefs and passing objective fact based opinions. Unfortunately Religious People do believe Something based on very little/weak evidence. This Adolescent Attitude will naturally prevail in the delivery of judgment/opinions about other issues in their life including people, outside of religion. Into this group of Adolescent Judgers, also falls people who solely pass positive judgment based on appealing physical appearances, sexual attraction, status/wealth and preferred religious identity.

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For The Purpose of Registering Factual Profiles for LEGAL REASONS/ACTIONS (Which I am Involved With Today) and for The Public Records in the UK and Abroad, Of People and Those Connected With Them, Responsible For Making False Missing Person Reports/Statements (including 9/11 - Refer To This Shocking Post : 9/11 World Trade Center Fraudsters, Scam Artists, False Victims; conflict zones, natural disasters, etc), OBSTRUCTING JUSTICE and intentionally delivering/Registering Diversionary Fictitious/Defamatory Profiles for Motives Of Silencing Factual Communications, even pursuing destroying employment, which always had the aim of Ensuring Past Crimes Of The Source(s) and Their Associates, Were not Exposed and Future Crimes (Real Harm, Injury and Death) Would Not Be Stopped, THIS POST PRESENTS INFORMATION, WHICH WAS COMMON KNOWLEDGE IN 1994-1997.

False Missing Person Reporters ALWAYS Have Something Evil/Sinister To Hide. Help These Liars Circulate False Reports and Obstruct Justice, At Future Risk To Your Families and Yourself, Especially When Someone is THEN Actually Harmed and Killed. How Stupid Are You, In Reality?

I Have Nothing to Hide About My Life - Do You?! I naturally would turn down a job with Warner Brothers Film Studios, UK.

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HISTORICAL CASES OF ABDUCTION, IMPRISONMENT,
SEXUAL ABUSE & MURDER OF ADULTS AND CHILDREN
By Parents and Strangers

Paul Martin Andrews (born 1960) is an American rape victim advocate. In 1973 (13 years old) he was kidnapped in his native Virginia and hidden in an underground box by a known sexual predator, Richard Ausley for over a week in 1973. Shackled and left to starve, he was rescued by rabbit hunters eight days later.

Thirty years after his ordeal, he went public with his story and became an activist for bolstering Virginia law with additional funding for continued civil commitments for sex offenders after their criminal sentences end. In this case, Virginia did not get a chance to test its new Civil Commitment for Sexually Violent Predators Act. Ausley's sentence was extended by five years after another victim came forward. Richard Ausley was never committed to a psychiatric facility. Instead, he was sent to a high-security prison for especially disruptive inmates and placed in a cell with a convict who had himself been molested as a child. Shortly afterwards in January 2004, Ausley was murdered in his prison cell. http://www.readthehook.com/stories/2003/01/30/coverStoryBoxedInABoysLost.html

Sabine Dardenne (born 1983) is a Belgian woman who, at the age of twelve, on 28 May 1996, was kidnapped by serial killer Marc Dutroux while on her way to school. Dardenne was one of Dutroux's last two victims. She survived, but four other girls and an alleged accomplice named Bernard Weinstein were found dead on Dutroux's properties. Dardenne and 14-year-old Laetitia Delhez, who had been abducted a couple of days earlier, were rescued on 15 August 1996 by the Belgian police, two days after Dutroux had been arrested. Dutroux admitted to having raped them both and abducting them. Dardenne's ordeal in the basement of Dutroux's house lasted 80 days. On 22 June 2004, Dutroux received the maximum sentence of life imprisonment. http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/apr/18/ukcrime.features11

Lydia Gouardo was born on 13 November 1962 in Maisons-Alfort, France. She is a French woman who was imprisoned for 28 years, raped, and tortured by her legal father (he was not her biological father) in their home in Meaux and Coulommes in Seine et Marne. The abuse took place from 1971 to 1999. Lydia gave birth to six children, having been made pregnant by her father. During her imprisonment, she escaped and phoned legal aid, but her father recaptured her in a family residence in Melun. She was finally freed in 1999 when her father died. Her mother was convicted for not reporting crimes she was aware of and also for sexual abuse against one of Lydia's children.

She said while she was tortured by her father, she was not imprisoned - but she was not allowed outside the family home and was often tied up in the attic. She still has scars from her neck to her ankles, mainly burn marks from boiling water or hydrochloric acid. She said she fled their home several times when she was young, but each time was brought back by police. http://news.sky.com/skynews/article/0,,30200-1314849,00.html

Natascha Kampusch (born 1988 in Vienna) is an Austrian woman who was abducted at the age of 10 on 2 March 1998, and remained in custody of her kidnapper, Wolfgang Priklopil, for more than eight years, until she escaped on 23 August 2006. Priklopil, having found that the police were after him, killed himself by jumping in front of a suburban train near the Wien Nord station in Vienna. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natascha_Kampusch

Charles “Charlie” Allen Keever (1980 - 27 March 1993) was a 13 year old boy who was murdered on 27 March 1993, in San Diego County, California, along with his friend, 9 year old Jonathan Sellers. The murder of both boys went unsolved for 8 years. In March 2001 a DNA database identified Scott Erskine as a suspect from the DNA found at the time of the murder. Erskine was already in prison for a rape committed six months after the boys murder. In 2003 Erskine went to trial on the charges of two counts of murder with the special allegations of sodomy, oral copulation, child molestation and torture and three counts of special circumstances: torture, sexual assault and multiple murders, he was found guilty. During the penalty phase one juror did not want to give Erskine the death penalty so the judge declared a mistrial for the penalty phase portion of the trial. In April 2004 a new jury was convened and they voted unanimously for a death sentence. On 1 September 2004 a California judge sentenced Erskine to death row and he was sent to San Quentin State Prison. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Charlie_Keever

Sian Kingi was a 12-year-old girl who, in 1987, was abducted, raped and killed in Noosa, Queensland, Australia. Barrie Watts and Valmae Beck, a married couple, were convicted in 1988 of the much-publicised crime and were each sentenced to life imprisonment.
http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/news/queensland/sians-murder-still-haunts-nation/2008/05/07/1210131039392.html

Polly Hannah Klaas (3 January 1981 - October/November 1993) was an American murder victim whose case gained national attention. At the age of 12, she was kidnapped at knife point from her mother's home during a slumber party in Petaluma, California on 1 October 1993. She was later raped and strangled. Richard Allen Davis was convicted of her murder in 1996 and sentenced to death. http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/serial_killers/predators/klaas/1.html

Kimberly Diane Leach, (28 October 1965 – 9 February 1978) was a 12 year old student at Lake City Junior High School, in Lake City, Florida, and the final and youngest known murder victim of Ted Bundy. Bundy was convicted, sentenced to death, and electrocuted by the State of Florida on 24 January 1989 for the murder of Leach. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimberly_Leach

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The LINZ SISTERS, Viktoria, Katharina and Elisabeth, are three women who were imprisoned in a cellar for seven years from 1998 to 2005. They were imprisoned there by their mother, and are known as the Linz sisters because the crime took place in Linz, Austria. Their mother gained custody of the children following her divorce, at the age of 53. Afterwards, she suffered a mental breakdown. She withdrew the children, then aged 7, 11 and 13, from schooling, and imprisoned them in a cellar with no running water in near-total darkness. Her husband, a judge, was unable to see the children despite at least nine claims for access going before the courts. Over the period of their incarceration, the children developed an almost unintelligible language based on German. The girls were rescued only when police broke into the house after a neighbour, who had reported his suspicions several times, threatened a local council official with a lawsuit. On being rescued, the children were found to be severely malnourished and unable to tolerate sunlight. http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,21210531-2703,00.html

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Maria Monaco, 47, was kept prisoner by her family for 18 years in a small town outside Naples, Italy, for having a baby out of wedlock. Her mother Anna Rosa Golino, 80, brother Prisco, 44, a farmer and sister Michelina, 54, a primary school teacher took action after she had an affair with a mystery man and got pregnant. On 13 June 2008, she was rescued by police after an anonymous tip-off. Her brother and sister were taken into custody, accused of detaining her. Police have questioned Maria's 17-year-old son whom they said was living with his grandmother and 'fully aware of the situation'. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1026429/Woman-kept-captive-filthy-bedroom-dungeon-family-having-baby-wedlock.html

Viktor Mokhov kept two Russian girls, Lena and Katya, in an underground cell for 3 1/2 years in Skopin, Russia. Mokhov abducted the two girls in September 2000, when Lena was 14 and Katya 17 years old, from a disco. He locked them into an underground room that he had built previously underneath the garage of his home, where he regularly abused them sexually. The older girl gave birth to two boys in captivity in 2001 and 2003, and was pregnant when she was freed. Mokhov transferred the two boys to an orphanage. During the last months of their imprisonment, Mokhov took the girls occasionally for walks outside their cellar during the night. The girls managed to hide a note inside an audio cassette their captor had lent them. This note was later found by a boarder in the house, and the girls where finally freed by police in 2004. Their captor was arrested and given seventeen years in a labor camp and two more in prison. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article417480.ece

Samuel James "Jimmy" Ryce (26 September 1985 – 11 September 1995) was a child that was abducted, raped and killed by Juan Carlos Chavez in Homestead, Florida, United States. In the fall of 1998, Juan Carlos Chavez was convicted of kidnapping, sexual assault, and murder. Chavez was given the death penalty. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Jimmy_Ryce

Fusako Sano (also known by the pseudonym Sachiko Yamada) is a Japanese woman who was kidnapped at age ten by Nobuyuki Sato, and held in captivity for nine years and two months from November 13, 1990 to January 28, 2000. In Japan, the case is also known as the Niigata girl confinement incident. Sato is currently serving a 14 year prison sentence. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2000/01/29/world/main154723.shtml

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Elizabeth Ann Smart (born 3 November 1987) is an American woman who was abducted from her Salt Lake City, Utah bedroom on 5 June 2002 at the age of 14. She was found alive nine months later on 12 March 2003 in Sandy, Utah, about 18 miles from her home, in the company of Brian David Mitchell and Wanda Ileen Barzee, who were indicted for her kidnapping but ruled unfit to stand trial. Mitchell was a polygamist who believed it was his religious right to have more than one wife, even by force. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Smart_kidnapping

LEFT Brian David Mitchell and his Wife Wanda Ileen Barzee

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Eleuterio Soria is a 73 year old Argentine man who was sentenced to 18 years imprisonment for keeping his daughter in captivity for 11 years and sexually abusing her. He fathered two children with her. Soria's trial revealed that he began abusing his daughter in 1992, when she was 12 years old. The following year she became pregnant by her father, prompting her mother to leave their home in La Matanza, a working-class Buenos Aires district. The family's five other siblings eventually left as well. The daughter, whose name was not released, had a second child by her father in 1997. She did flee on various occasions, but would return home after he threatened their two children — often at gunpoint. She finally escaped for good in 2003 and denounced her father to authorities.
http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5jpJ4kNdpQOa6I-ck_N-h-Ex1omvQD90QC9C01

Colleen Stan is a 20 year old woman who was kidnapped and sexually assaulted by Cameron Hooker in Red Bluff, California in 1977. On 19 May 1977 Hooker kidnapped Colleen Stan a.k.a. "Carol Smith." Cameron's wife, Janice Hooker, assisted in the kidnapping. Stan was held in captivity for the next seven years. During her imprisonment, Colleen was tortured, sexually assaulted, and led to believe that she was being watched by a large organization called "The Company". Hooker had her sign a "slavery contract" supposedly from "The Company". He assigned her a new slave name, "K", causing comparisons to the Story of O. She was also led to believe that members of her family would be harmed if she attempted to escape. She may have experienced Stockholm syndrome. Hooker kept Stan locked in wooden boxes that he had made. One of the boxes was located under the bed that he shared with his wife. Hooker was sentenced to consecutive terms for the sexual assaults, which totaled 60 years. He also received 1 to 25 years for the kidnapping, plus a 5 to 10 year sentence for using a knife in the process. http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/criminal_mind/psychology/sex_slave/index.html

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GREAT BRITAIN

Frederick West and his wife Rosemary West

Frederick Walter Stephen West better known as Fred West, was an English serial killer. Between 1967 and 1987, he and his wife Rosemary West imprisoned, tortured, raped and murdered at least 12 young women. The majority of the murders occurred between May 1973 and September 1979 at the couple's home in Gloucester.

Rose came from a family where incest was common. Even after the birth of her fourth child Rose's father, Bill Letts, with Fred's approval, would often visit the West's for sex with his daughter. In December 1972 the Wests carried out a sexual assault on 17-year-old Caroline Roberts (then called Owens), and Fred West raped her. But she dropped that claim, and the following month the Wests were fined for assault, but not convicted. Their only known victim after 1979 was their daughter, Heather, who was killed in June 1987 at the age of 16.

In May 1992, West raped his 13-year-old daughter at Cromwell Street and filmed it, and then raped her twice afterwards. She discussed the incident with her brothers and sisters, who told friends at school. On 6 August 1992, the police decided to investigate, eventually leading to Fred West being charged with 12 counts of murder, with Rose as an accomplice. She was also charged with child cruelty, and the remaining children were placed in foster care. Fred confessed, retracted and then re-confessed to the murder of his daughter, denying that Rose was involved. Rose was not arrested until April 1994, initially on sex offences but later charged with murder. Further bodies were found and on 4 March 1994, West admitted that he had carried out nine more murders, including those of his first wife Rena Costello and Ann McFall.

Fred and Rose West were brought before a magistrates court in Gloucester on 30 June 1994. Immediately afterwards, Fred West was re-arrested on suspicion of murdering Ann McFall, whose body was found on 7 June 1994. On the evening of 3 July 1994, he was charged with her murder. On 1 January 1995, Fred West hanged himself while on remand in his cell at Winson Green. His brief funeral was held in Coventry on 29 March 1995. West was cremated with only three people present. Rosemary West was sentenced to life imprisonment.

Known Victims
1967 - Ann McFall (Scottish nanny and Fred's lover. Was eight months pregnant with his child). Body found in "letterbox field" near Much Marcle.
1970 - Rena Costello (Fred's first wife, also Scottish). Body found in "fingerpost field" near Much Marcle.
1972 - Charmaine West, 8 (Rena's eldest child). Body found beneath 25 Midland Road, Gloucester.
1973 - Linda Gough, 21 (seamstress from Gloucester). Body found beneath 25 Cromwell Street.
1973 - Lucy Partington, 21 (university student, from Gotherington, near Cheltenham). Body found beneath 25 Cromwell Street.
1974 - Carol Cooper,15 (schoolgirl from Worcester). Body found beneath 25 Cromwell Street.
1975 - Juanita Mott, 19 (from Newent, Glos) Body found beneath 25 Cromwell Street.
1975 - Shirley Hubbard, 15 (schoolgirl from Worcester). Body found beneath 25 Cromwell St.
1977 - Therese Siegenthaler, 21 (Swiss hitchhiker). Body found beneath 25 Cromwell St.
1977 - Alison Chambers, 17 (originally from Swansea). Body found in garden of 25 Cromwell St.
1978 - Shirley Robinson, 18 (lodger and Fred's lover. Heavily pregnant). Body found in garden of 25 Cromwell St.
1987 - Heather West, 16 (Fred and Rose's eldest daughter). Body found in garden of 25 Cromwell St.

PICTURES： BOTH KILLED - Left Rena Costello (Fred's First Wife) ＆ Right Heather West (Fred & Rose's Eldest Daughter)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosemary_West / http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_West

UAE - Slavery in the Conrad Hotel, Brussels - Monarchies/Royalty are Not Above the Law!

UAE - Slavery in the Conrad Hotel, Brussels - Monarchies/Royalty are Not Above the Law!

Left - The Conrad, Brussels

Unfortunately there are certain groups/people (royalty, religious, political, business, military, etc) who still turn a blind eye to such human rights violations and intolerable behaviour. They are either guilty of the same crimes behind closed doors; or they have been personally profiting financially and materially, from these Human Rights Violators.

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What every European citizen and Foreign Visitor in Europe Knows......

Slavery, Servitude, Forced or Compulsory Labour - UDHR, ECHR & UKHRA

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Seven family members of deceased Emir Muhammed Khalid Al Nahyan from the United Arab Emirates were charged on 29 July 2008 with exploiting servants, while living in the Conrad Hotel, Brussels, Belgium.

They are accused of psychological harassment and risk two to five years in prison if convicted, according to prosecutors.

The servants, dubbed "slaves" in the Belgian media, allegedly had to be at the service of the Arab royals 24 hours a day and had their passport taken away on arrival in Belgium. The women were reportedly not allowed to leave the hotel and their monthly salaries were as low as £80 a month.

Most Belgian newspapers have described this case as "slavery right in the heart of Brussels".

Eleven of the family's servants, came from Egypt, Iraq, India, Morocco, Philippines, Syria and Turkey, have been given the status of victims of exploitation. Six others continue to work for the family.

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The sheik's wife and her four daughters lived in Brussels and rented out an entire floor of the deluxe Conrad Hotel.

This case was brought to light when a 32 year old Moroccan woman managed to escape and went to the Belgium police. She said she had been exploited by the family of an emir from the United Arab Emirates. Her passport had been taken away. The woman said she was not the only one who'd been exploited.

Police officers and officials from Belgium's Labour Audit Authority raided the Conrad Hotel, the city's most prestigious and the preferred choice of many national leaders during European Union summits, on Tuesday 1 July 2008. The Moroccan was telling the truth.

The widow of rich sheik Mohammed Bin Khalid Al Nahyan had been living in the hotel for the past year, together with the four daughter-princesses: Shaima, Myriam, Maessa and Rawda. Since they didn't want anybody snooping around they paid for the entire fourth floor with 53(!) rooms. They had fourteen servant girls and three body guards, from the Philippines, Morocco, India, Egypt, Turkey, Iraq and Syria. The servant girls in particular were exploited.

While the mother Hmada, of the princesses and their children lived in the most beautiful rooms the servant girls had to sleep in the corridor while many of the paid rooms stood empty for a possible visit.

The chic and pricy Conrad Hotel, "where you can discover the luxury of being yourself", is situated on the city's Avenue Louise and surrounded by the most expensive shops in Brussels. The price of a room begins at £260. A hotel spokesman, was unable to give the cost of renting an entire floor.

According to the Moroccan who had managed to escape, they didn't get much sleep. At the most they got three hours per night. The rest of the day they had to be on stand by for the princesses.

"They were demanding. their coffee addition typified them. They were crazy about hot coffee. But they abhorred saucers. Therefore you had to take the hot cup in your bare hands. The result: you easily got burned. But I couldn't go to the doctor. I didn't get permission for that.

"We were not allowed to complain or to ask any questions. We just had to be there at their beck and call."

"The girls barely got anything to eat. The woman says she couldn't leave the hotel without a guard. She was paid 500 euros a month, while the other servant girls were paid less: 150 euro. The highest earner got 700 euro. The Moroccan had applied for the job in her homeland, but local politician Fouad Lahssaini (Ecolo) says she was deceived by them. Immediately after the raid on the hotel, she was called up by the recruiting service in Morocco, who wanted to manipulate her. She was terrified, since her parents still live in Morocco and her former bosses are extremely powerful.

The Moroccan woman claims the hotel knew very well that they were employed in abominable conditions.

An ex-employee of the Conrad confirmed that the hotel closed their eyes for their top customer.

'The fire alarm was turned off on their floor. Because the princesses were annoyed by that noise." ENDANGERING EVERYONE'S LIFE!

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SOURCES OF INFORMATION

BELGIUM-UAE-SOCIAL-CRIME - 30 July 2008
http://www.mediafaxfoto.ro/photo_preview.php?photoId=3031033

Traite à l'hôtel Conrad : 7 membres d'une famille d'un émir inculpés - 30 July 2008

Women 'enslaved' by Arab royals - The Telegraph - 2 July 2008
Seventeen women have been taken by police from a luxury hotel in Brussels amid allegations that they had been enslaved by an Arab royal family.

Brussels: Emir's family turned hotel into private kingdom - 2 July 2008
http://islamineurope.blogspot.com/2008/07/brussels-emirs-family-turned-hotel-into.html

Josef Fritzl - Slavery and Imprisonment Charges

Josef Fritzl - Slavery and Imprisonment Charges - Latest News and Information

Austria: Dungeon man faces slavery charge
- 4 August 2008 - CNN

A prosecutor says Josef Fritzl, the man who held his daughter captive for 24 years in a cellar and fathered seven children with her, may be charged with slavery. Fritzl initially confessed to raping his daughter and having seven children with her. St. Poelten prosecutor Gerhard Sedlacek also says authorities hope to have formal charges -- likely to include a series of crimes -- ready by the end of September and that a trial would likely begin in December.

Josef Fritzl's wife 'living like an animal' - 4 August 2008 - The Telegraph
The wife of Josef Fritzl has revealed how she has been forced to "live like an animal" because she is afraid to be seen out in public. Elisabeth threw Rosemarie out of the villa because the three grandchildren she brought up still called her "mum". They claim Rosemarie is now struggling to survive on benefits of £300 a month and has lost a considerable amount of weight since the incest was uncovered in April. ..... her sister Christine, ..... said Rosemarie felt let down by the authorities. "My sister has totally lost it,"...... "She is also a victim and cannot understand that she does not get any help from anyone."

Austrian incest father Josef Fritzl may be charged with slavery - 4 August 2008 - The Times

Austrian prosecutors are debating whether to charge incest offender Josef Fritzl with slavery, in a last ditch attempt to maximise the time he serves in jail, according to press reports.

Mr Fritzl, has admitted to imprisoning his daughter Elisabeth for 24 years in a purpose-build concrete dungeon .... where she was forced to give birth to seven of his children.

One of the children, a baby boy called Michael, died shortly after birth ...... But despite his partial confession, it was revealed last month that Mr Fritzl could only be facing ten years in prison because Austrian law, unlike British law, does not allow for multiple convictions, and because the only charge certain to be proved in court was that of incarceration.

Austrian prosecutors are now considering whether they can charge Mr Fritzl with slavery, under Paragraph 104 of the Austrian Penal Code - a crime originally deriving from the country’s 19th century law, that carries a maximum sentence of 20 years in prison.

It was a distinguished university professor of criminal law, who has not been named, who suggested the slavery charges, according to press reports.

Judge Kurt Leitzenberger, head of the St Pölten Regional Court where Mr Fritzl will stand trial, told The Times: “The case is singular in the country’s history and there is no legal precedent to draw experience from. Compiling the charges against the suspect is a delicate procedure for a number of reasons and prosecutors are carefully examining all possibilities.”

Mr Fritzl is facing a string of charges including rape, incarceration, incest and coercion, as well as manslaughter for the baby that died. But prosecutors fear that the manslaughter changes could be “extremely difficult” to prove because so much time had elapsed since the death of the newborn in 1996. There is a similar problem with the rape charges, for which there is lack of forensic evidence.

The only serious crime that Mr Fritzl is certain to be convicted for is incarceration, which carries a maximum sentence of ten years in prison.

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Josef Fritzl - Other Cases of Abduction and Imprisonment of Adults and Children
HISTORICAL CASES OF ABDUCTION, IMPRISONMENT, SEXUAL ABUSE & MURDER OF ADULTS AND CHILDREN By Parents and Strangers

Slavery, Servitude, Forced or Compulsory Labour - UDHR, ECHR & UKHRA
AN INTRODUCTION TO SLAVERY, SERVITUDE AND FORCED OR COMPULSORY LABOUR

Forced Human TRAFFICKING/Sexual Exploitation - The End Users/The Clients Are As Guilty As The Traffickers

HUMAN TRAFFICKING/SEXUAL EXPLOITATION

The End Users/The Clients of Forced Prostitution and Trafficking are equally responsible and as guilty as the Traffickers.

This post focuses on the End Users/The Clients of Trafficked Victims, who have been forced into Prostitution and Sexually Exploited. It is important to recognize that the End Users/The Clients are actually responsible for fuelling the market in human flesh and forced prostitution in the first place and the treatment of victims by traffickers.

End Users/Clients Have No Conscience...............

End Users/The Clients are equally guilty of kidnap, enslavement, imprisonment, psychological abuse, physical torture, intimidation, threats, blackmail, enforced abortions, forced unprotected sex and STD transmission, degradation, deception and lies, violence and rape........even Murder. End Users/The Clients have also helped fund other criminal activities such as the drugs and weapons trade, which the traffickers are also sometimes engaged in.

The End Users/the Clients clearly hold an attitude of Indifference towards Sexually Exploited Victims as well as Other Actions Involving Force and Coercion.

End Users/Clients have No Conscience...............

THE BALKANS

This post focuses on the Balkans for the sole reason that a major conflict recently took place in the region. This conflict has played a pivotal role in the escalation of human trafficking and sexual exploitation. It is also useful to note how local attitudes towards women and children have contributed to the growth in Human Slavery and Forced Prostitution in this region as well.

Drugs, Weapons and Human Beings would not be Trafficked, if there were No End Users/Clients.

Destroy the End Users/The Clients and Trafficking will Stop.

Now We Know why so many Western Governments are So Soft!!!

WHAT HAVE VICTIMS BEEN SUBJECTED TO?
I have extracted various references to Forced Human Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation in the Balkans from two reports, in order to provide a picture of the actual experiences of victims as well as some of their testimonies. The following Two Reports were used :

The (CPTT) Changing Patterns and Trends of Trafficking in Persons in the Balkan Region
http://www.iom.int/jahia/Jahia/cache/offonce/lang/en/pid/1674?entryId=10195
Assessment carried out in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Province of Kosovo (Serbia and Montenegro), the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and the Republic of Moldova - July 2004 - by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) has been used.

Amnesty International's (AI) Kosovo (Serbia and Montenegro): "So does it mean that we have the rights?" - Protecting the human rights of women and girls trafficked for forced prostitution in Kosovo.
http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/EUR70/010/2004/en/dom-EUR700102004en.html

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(CPTT Page 10) .............the victim was trafficked by force, kidnapped or sold by his/her family........

(CPTT Page 55) Victims of forced prostitution are often subjected to psychological and/or physical torture (threats, humiliation and degradation, beatings and rape) by their traffickers.

(AI)Trafficked women are repeatedly subjected to psychological abuse. This can include intimidation and threats, lies and deception, emotional manipulation and blackmail, in particular threatening to tell their family back home about the true nature of their work.

(AI)Women who have been trafficked also suffer from long-term stress, exhaustion and anxiety, as well as damage to their self-esteem and feelings of self-worth. An IOM study found that a significant number of trafficked women also developed conditions including acute stress reaction, post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. - A General View of the Psychological Support and Services Provided to Victims of Trafficking, IOM Kosovo, September 2003. See also The Health Risks and Consequences of Trafficking in Women and Adolescents. Both studies note that insufficient research has been carried out into the psychological trauma that trafficked women suffer as a result of their experiences.

(AI) the majority of trafficked women were forced to have unprotected sex, with only 40 per cent "occasionally" using condoms. - UNICEF, UNOHCHR, OSCE/ODIHR, Trafficking in Human Beings in Southeastern Europe, 2002, p. 96.

(AI) Amnesty International is also aware of reports that trafficked women have been subjected to enforced abortions. - See for example, "Si u dhunua Shqipja 22 vjeçare?", Kosovarja, 1-15 May 2003.

(AI) "A friend introduced me to a woman in Chiinu, she offered me a job abroad and said she would prepare a passport for me, for free. I asked if the job was sex related and she promised that it was not." - 24-year-old trafficked woman from Moldova. Lies and Deception

(AI) "I was beaten and I was forced to have sexual intercourse... if we were not willing, they just beat us and raped us." - Woman trafficked into Kosovo.

(AI) "Even in cold weather I had to wear thin dresses ... I was forced by the boss to serve international soldiers and police officers ... I have never had a chance of running away and leaving that miserable life, because I was observed every moment by a woman." - Internally trafficked Albanian girl, aged 12.

(AI) "Eventually I arrived in a bar in Kosovo, [and was] locked inside and forced into prostitution. In the bar I was never paid, I could not go out by myself, the owner became more and more violent as the weeks went by; he was beating me and raping me and the other girls. We were his ‘property’, he said. By buying us, he had bought the right to beat us, rape us, starve us, force us to have sex with clients." - Moldovan woman, single parent, 21 years old.

(AI) "If I refused [to have sex with clients] I was threatened. He was pointing the gun to my head, and he was saying.. ‘If you don’t do this in the next minute, you will be dead’. He has the gun, he was just saying do this or you will be dead." - NGO interview, woman trafficked into Kosovo.

(AI) "Following repeated abuse by her husband, culminating in threats to stab and kill her, a Romanian woman with three children fled her husband, and temporarily took her children to her parents’ house. Her husband’s cousin - who was aware of her situation - told her that he knew someone who was organizing trips to Germany. Hoping that she might be able to find a job in Germany with the help of an aunt living there, she agreed to go. En route, she found that she had been sold, and was trafficked to Kosovo."

(AI) Women are taken, usually in small groups, to "trading houses" in hotels and private apartments around Belgrade, Panèevo and Novi Sad, and also in Montenegro. There they are paraded in front of potential buyers, often being forced to strip before being sold to their new "owner".

(AI) "First they would put us to get undressed, and to be only in underwear, to look at us and see how we are looking. If you are looking OK, and they [like you], they will buy you. We were like a rag, just like a cloth." - A trafficked woman’s account of being "bought".

(AI) "They put us in a line, standing up, and then they sit in an armchair and look at us, choosing one of us."

(AI) "You will not know who bought you. They will just come and tell you that you must get ready because you [have to] leave." - Women trafficked into Kosovo describe being sold.

(AI) A journalist who visited a "trading house" near Belgrade confirmed these reports. He also observed a man bidding for a woman while talking to the purchaser via mobile phone. (65) AI interview, September 2003.

(AI) Deprivation of liberty - "..the majority of women are held against their will in conditions you wouldn’t keep an animal in", former Head of TPIU.

(AI)Trafficked women are seldom allowed any freedom of movement outside the establishments in which they work. They are confined either by threats and coercion, or by being locked in.

(AI) "We worked from 9am to 11pm. After that he said, ‘You do what you like’, but we were locked. When we asked to go out he said, no, that we had to be here. We slept in a room together, me and another girl. All the windows had bars. He didn’t ever beat me; it was just psychological threats. We were coerced in that way; I couldn’t go out." - Romanian woman trafficked into Kosovo.

(AI) At a trial in Gnjilane/Gjilan (Kosovo) in 2002, a trafficked woman testified that she had been kept in a cellar, where she slept at night and serviced clients during the day. Food, drink and a bucket for use as a lavatory were brought down to her. She only left the cellar when she was driven by the defendant to meet clients. - Verdict, N.F., 15 May 2002, Gjilan/Gnjilane District Court.

(AI) Before I was sold to the bar in Prizren, I was held in an apartment in Gjilan for four days and I was raped by the guards several times."(79) Moldovan woman aged 21.

(AI) Trafficked women and girls may be raped in transit and many are then subsequently repeatedly raped by their owners, who use rape as a means of control and coercion.(85)

(AI) A Moldovan woman trafficked to Pejë/Peæ testified in investigative proceedings that when she had refused to work as a prostitute, the defendant beat and raped her, reportedly to teach her what would happen if she did not do what she was told.(86) - See OSCE Department of Human Rights and Rule of Law, Kosovo, A Review Of The Criminal Justice System, 1 September 2000 - 28 February 2001, pp. 58-9; the defendant was subsequently sentenced to three years and six months’ imprisonment on three counts of rape, and intermediation in prostitution; he was released pending appeal.

(AI) "She had sex 2,700 times in less than one year; she was subjected to group sex; sex at gunpoint;[she] earned 200,000 Deutschmarks [for the traffickers], she was truly victimised." - AI interview with international prosecutor, March 2003.

(AI) It also includes holding them in conditions which Amnesty International considers may amount to inhuman or degrading treatment: "We lived on the second floor, [all the] girls in one room. The bar was situated on the first floor. Our owner fed us with liver sausage, fish and bread. We didn’t get money. They didn’t buy us any clothes. If I refused to work they beat me. When I was ill, I got no help. It was very cold there." (91) Ukrainian woman trafficked to Kosovo.

(AI) Trafficked women in Kosovo reported being held in unhygienic, overcrowded and stressful conditions, with no opportunity for privacy. Many women have to sleep and live in the same room in which they work, often with others. Physically exhausted by the long hours and the number of clients they are forced to have sex with, women also report being deprived of food:

(AI) "We received one hamburger and one yoghurt a day"; "We had to share four hamburgers and a packet of cigarettes between eight girls". - Women trafficked into Kosovo.

(AI) Right to health - "I felt sick, and was coughing a lot. I had a terrible headache and fever. ... I was lying in bed and almost fading, when the owner’s son came into my room and I was beaten badly by him. As a result, I suffered grave bodily injuries. I stayed in bed for three months. Except for other injuries, he broke my hand too. All the time I spent in bed, he repeatedly exploited me." - Internally trafficked Albanian woman, aged 21.

(AI) Other women report paying off one debt, only to be faced with another, in a cycle of debt-bondage from which it is almost impossible to escape. "I learned that I was sold to a pimp for 2200 DM (€955). The money he had spent on me I had to work off. When I worked the sum, the pimp sold me to Kosovo for 1750 DM. I never went to anyone for help because I had no opportunity to move. I worked at night with a [guard] only 15 feet away at all times. I was locked up in a room during the day. If I had had the chance, I would have tried to find the Red Cross for help." - Ukrainian woman trafficked first to Serbia and subsequently to Kosovo.

(AI) "We suffered very much during the war. Our house was burned. We have experienced so much terror in [R.] during the deportation too. Immediately after the war ended, my father married me to my sister's brother-in-law. I didn't love him. After some time there, I left his house, beaten up and mutilated. It was dark. I asked for help in the asphalted street in the village. A driver stopped by, he took me in his car, and he promised to help me and then drove me to the city ... I was sent to a café bar and handed over to the owner of that place. All the time I was there, I was repeatedly exploited and raped. Afterwards, the owner sold me to the place where I was later rescued by the police, seven months after. Every time I asked to be freed, the owner used to tell me that I didn’t work enough, claiming that I could only earn DM300 for my services, while he bought me for the price of DM1,500." - Internally trafficked woman, aged 19.

(AI) "After a while one of the guys [who had kidnapped and raped her] took me by car to Albania. They brought me to another motel and left me there... for another month. They... raped me several times... One night I was taken away to another city. They put me in a speed boat of desperate people and sent me to Italy... They locked me in an apartment. The next day they told me that I had to work for them - on the street. I refused, began shouting... They beat me a lot; they told me that if I refused they’d kill me and my family back in Kosovo .... I was so afraid. I was in Italy illegally. I couldn’t ask for help." - 16-year-old Kosovar Albanian, trafficked at the age of 14 to Italy.

(AI) "Many men and young men raped me, young and old, local and international ... We were about 20 persons in that house. Only two were from Moldavia and all the rest Albanian." - Internally trafficked Albanian girl aged 17.

(AI)" ...... even in cold weather I had to wear thin dresses ... I was forced by the boss to serve international soldiers and police officers ... I have never had a chance of running away and leaving that miserable life, because I was observed every moment by a woman ..." - Internally trafficked Albanian girl aged 12.

SOME (BUT NOT ALL) OF THE END USERS...

UN Kosovo police arrested for sex trafficking
ISN SECURITY WATCH (01/09/05) - Three UN police officers and four foreigners have been arrested for involvement in human trafficking in the UN administered province of Kosovo.

Amnesty International (AI) says the presence of international peacekeepers in Kosovo has been fuelling the sexual exploitation of women and encouraging trafficking. The human rights group claims that UN and NATO troops in the region are using the trafficked women and girls for sex, and that some have been involved in trafficking itself. Girls as young as 11 from Eastern European countries are being sold into sex slavery, according to Amnesty International.

(CPTT Page 32) ALBANIA - The average policeman’s salary is around 200 euros per month. ..... police officers and airport staff were arrested because of their involvement in trafficking in persons, together with personnel of an airline company. The Prosecutor’s Office has recently opened judicial inquiries into criminals involved in trafficking where there are indications of involvement by corrupt police officers. Intelligence also suggests that some police officers either accept money or prostitutes’ sexual services from traffickers, in exchange of protection.

(CPTT Page 45) BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA Trafficking - Most clients are local but, according to information received from some victims and from criminal sources supported by intelligence, in some areas of BiH especially those close to military bases, the most frequent customers of trafficked victims have been foreigners and in particular NATO and Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina (SFOR) members. For example near the NATO’s Eagle Base, there are a dozen night bars and the most frequent customers are SFOR members.

(CPTT Page 84) MACEDONIA - Organized Crime Groups - One factor contributing to the expansion of trafficking since 1999 is demand resulting from the presence of thousands of NATO troops and other international and non-governmental organizations installed during and after the Kosovo crisis. However, most clients are Macedonians (of all ethnicities) and it should be noted that, even before the arrival of the international community, FYROM provided a sizeable market for the “services” of trafficked victims. Trafficking to FYROM can be traced back to the early 1980s, when numerous groups of “exotic dancers” from Bulgaria, the Ukraine and Russia performed in nightclubs in the Skopje area. These women were in fact victims of the trade at the time, according to information obtained from various sources.

(CPTT Page 84) Trafficking of Albanian Men and Boys for Prostitution A worrying new phenomenon is the trafficking of Albanian men, predominately juveniles, for homosexual exploitation. Recent international investigations carried out in Italy revealed that this is a visibly growing trend in Western Europe, including countries such as Germany, France and Spain. Few months ago, a police operation carried out in Florence, Italy, revealed a significant number of juveniles exploited for homosexual prostitution including Albanian boys. ..................The traffickers use the social taboos associated with homosexual rape as a way to control the victims.

(AI) "The problem is that nobody considers the need of brothels in the German [KFOR] contingent. The Americans and the French and others, who however, have their army brothels. I am not trying to say that the prostitutes have to come over from America or France but the brothel can be rented for a certain period of time and stay under units’ control."- Interview with German KFOR soldier, Inge Bell Archive.

(AI) Evidence of the involvement of KFOR troops in the trafficking of women in Kosovo has been documented from early 2000. Repeated allegations have been made against members of the Russian KFOR contingent, both as users of trafficked women, and in the trafficking of women - either directly or with the assistance of Serb traffickers. As early as 2000 Russian KFOR troops were allegedly involved in bringing Moldovan and Ukrainian women - allegedly disguised in Russian army uniforms - into the Russian base at Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje. A Hungarian NGO working with trafficked women "reported that Russian KFOR was involved in bringing in women for sex work... They [the trafficked women] believed their clients were KFOR soldiers, NGO staff, OSCE staff and quite a few locals. The KFOR would take off their insignia and identifying badges, and the Americans would say they were ‘Russians’." - NGO Salamon Alapitvany, quoted in No Safe Place, p. 77.

OTHER SOURCES OF INFORMATION - Some Web Links including Blogs

UN Kosovo police arrested for sex trafficking (1 September 2005) - http://www.isn.ethz.ch/news/sw/details.cfm?id=12681

Trafficking in Women – Website Guide - The aim of this guide is to provide a comprehensive list of websites which deal with the subject of trafficking in women. It is addressed to students, researchers, policy makers, scholars and/or anyone interested in such issues.
http://www.humantrafficking.org/uploads/publications/traffickinginwomen_website_guide_12_12_06.pdf

Organized Crime in the Western Balkans - Trafficking in Drugs, Weapons and Human Beings - The HUMSEC project. http://www.humsec.eu/cms/fileadmin/user_upload/humsec/Workin_Paper_Series/Working_Paper_Anastasijevic.pdf

The Human Trafficking Project - A blog dedicated to raising awareness of human trafficking and exploring innovative solutions to combat the issue -http://traffickingproject.blogspot.com/

Human Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation - A Deeper Look at Human Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation within the US and abroad - http://www.abolishhumantrafficking.com/

The Global Sociology Blog - http://globalsociology.edublogs.org/

How five women from the struggling countries of Eastern Europe were tricked into sexual slavery, beaten by traffickers and pimps, forced to work to turn a profit -(Sent to Turkey and Canada) - and finally escaped. Plus, a convicted Ukrainian sex trafficker talks about the multibillion dollar sex trade business, and why he sold an acquaintance for $1,000. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/slaves/map/indexflash.html

RAPE in the Armed Forces - During War and Peace Time

LEFT: Lance Cpl. Maria Lauterbach, 20 and Cpl. Cesar A. Laurean, 21.

A Tragic Story of Rape, Pregnancy and Murder.

RAPE: An Instrument of Armed Conflict by the Military During War and Peace Time.

This Post TRAFFICKING/Sexual Exploitation - The End Users/The Clients Are As Guilty As The Traffickers! is directly connected to this topic.


RAPE IN TIMES OF WAR
Rape, in the course of war, dates back to antiquity, ancient enough to have been mentioned in the Bible. The Israelite, Greek, Persian and Roman troops would routinely rape women and boys in the conquered towns.

Rape as Means of Warfare
During war, rape is often used as means of psychological warfare in order to humiliate the enemy and undermine their morale. Rapes in war are often systematic and thorough, and military leaders may actually encourage their soldiers to rape civilians. Systematic rapes are often employed as a form of ethnic cleansing.

Historical Examples
There are numerous cases of rapes conducted on Jewish women and girls by German soldiers during the Invasion of Poland.

Rapes were also committed against Polish women and girls during mass executions made primarily by Selbstschutz, which were accompanied by Wehrmacht soldiers and on territory under administration of the German military, the rapes were made before shooting female captives.

Thousands of Soviet female nurses, doctors and field medicians fell victim to brutal German rapes when captured during the war, and often they were murdered afterwards. Wehrmacht also ran brothels where some of the women were forced to work.

Ruth Seifert in War and Rape: Analytical Approaches writes, "In the Eastern territories the Wehrmacht used to brand the bodies of captured partisan women - and other women as well - with the words 'Whore for Hitler's troops' and to use them accordingly."

Norman Naimark writes in "The Russians in Germany: A History of the Soviet Zone of Occupation, 1945-1949." The exact number of women and prepubescent girls who were raped by members of the Red Army in the months preceding and years following the capitulation will never be known.

German women who became pregnant after being raped by Soviet soldiers in World War II were invariably denied abortion to further humiliate them as to carry an unwanted child. As a result, according to the book Berlin: The Downfall, 1945 by Antony Beevor, some 90% of Berlin women in 1945 had venereal diseases as results of consequential rapes and 3.7% of all children born in Germany 1945-1946 had Russian fathers. The history behind this particular rape of the German women by the Soviet troops was considered a taboo topic until 1992. (see Red Army atrocities)

Additionally, in China during World War II, the Nanking Massacre occurred, where rape was used as a tool to humiliate the civilians under Japanese oppression. As many as 80,000 women were raped by the Japanese soldiers during the six weeks of the Nanking Massacre. Comfort women is a euphemism for up to 200,000 women, who were forced into prostitution in Japanese military brothels.

According to a review of "The GI War against Japan: American Soldiers in Asia and the Pacific during World War II", rape is seen as a method for soldiers to bond with each other, and also to enhance their aggressiveness, and it also "reflects a burning need to establish total dominance of the other" [the enemy]. As a consequence U.S. soldiers rape of Japanese women was "general practice". "The estimate of one Okinawan historian for the entire three-month period of the campaign exceeds 10,000. A figure that does not seem unlikely when one realizes that during the first 10 days of the occupation of Japan there were 1,336 reported cases of rape of Japanese women by American soldiers in Kanagawa prefecture alone". (see also Allied war crimes during World War II)

French Moroccan troops known as Goumiers, committed rapes and other war crimes after the Battle of Monte Cassino during World War II. (See Marocchinate.)

During the Yugoslavian Civil War, it was reported that Serbian soldiers herded enemy women into camps, who were then raped on a daily basis until pregnancy occurred.

It has been alleged that an estimated 200,000 women were raped during the Bangladesh Liberation War by the Pakistani army, though this has been disputed by many including the Indian academic Sarmila Bose.

Since the humanitarian crisis began in 2003, women in the western Sudanese state of Darfur have been subjected to rape and other forms of gender-based violence perpetrated by the government-backed Janjawid militia, as well as other armed troops. In many cases, women have been publicly raped in front of their husbands, relatives or the wider community. Pregnant women have not been spared and those who have resisted rapes were reportedly beaten, stabbed or killed. Women and girls as young as eight years old have been abducted during attacks and forced into sexual slavery in the Janjawid military camps. The strong cultural, social, and religious taboos against rape in Darfur make women reluctant to speak out and often cause them and their children to be ostracized by their community.

NB Wartime propaganda often alleges mistreatment of the civilian population by enemy forces and allegations of rape figure prominently in this, as a result it is often very difficult both practically and politically to an accurate view of what really happened.

In 1998, the International Criminal Tribunal (ICT) for Rwanda established by the United Nations made landmark decisions (Prosecutor v. Akayesu) stating rape and sexual violence is a crime of genocide under international law. In one judgement Navanethem Pillay said: "From time immemorial, rape has been regarded as spoils of war. Now it will be considered a war crime. We want to send out a strong message that rape is no longer a trophy of war." An estimated 500,000 women were raped during the 1994 Rwandan Genocide.

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Rape and Sexual Violence in the Context of International Law
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court includes as rape those situations where the victim is deprived of her(/his) ability to consent to sex, including providing sex to avoid harm or to obtain basic necessities.

The Rome Statute recognizes rape and other forms of sexual violence by combatants in the conduct of armed conflict as war crimes. When rape and sexual violence are committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, they are considered crimes against humanity, and in some cases may constitute an element of genocide.

The widest definition of rape in international law was provided by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, which stated that rape consists of a physical invasion of a sexual nature, committed on a person under coercive circumstances. Sexual violence, including rape, is not limited to physical invasion of the human body and may include acts that do not involve penetration or even physical contact. Although the ICTR included the crime of rape as a crime against humanity, it omitted rape from other categories of crimes. The Rome Statute, however, recognizes gender crimes (including rape) as war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Many acts of sexual violence - including rape, gang rape, abduction and sexual slavery, forced marriage, forced pregnancy, forced maternity, and sexual mutilation - constitute torture under customary international law. These acts are considered war crimes and constitute grave breaches of the Geneva Convention.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION & FURTHER READING

DURING WAR

Wiki - Types of Rape
UN Denounces Rape as Weapon of War - AFP - 19 June 2008
When Rape Becomes Genocide - New York Times - 5 September 1998 - Opinion
Rape As A Tool of War - Amnesty International
Women and Armed Conflict; International Justice - Human Rights Watch
Rape As a Crime in International Humanitarian Law: Where To From Here?
European Journal of International Law - Vol. 13 (2002) No. 3 - Rosalind Dixon
Bosnian Children Born of War Rape Asking Questions - MSNBC - 31 May 2005
More than decade later, some learn painful truth
Bosnia's Rape Babies: Abandoned by Their Families, Forgotten by the State
The Independent (UK) - 13 December 2005

Victims' Relatives Battle to Sue UN over Srebrenica Massacre

The Times Newspaper (UK) - 19 June 2008

DURING PEACE TIME

All the following stories originate from the US. Why? The media is more open to reporting Sexual Crimes in the US Armed Forces, compared to other countries.

1995 Okinawan Rape Incident
The 1995 Okinawan rape incident refers to a rape that took place on September 4, 1995, when three U.S. servicemen, U.S. Navy Seaman Marcus Gill and U.S. Marines Rodrico Harp and Kendrick Ledet, all from Camp Hansen on Okinawa, rented a van and kidnapped a 12-year-old 6th-grade Japanese girl.

Does a Rapist Deserve a Military Burial?
Honoring a convicted sex predator who killed himself behind bars sends a chilling message to victims. - LA Times - 23 January 2008 By Anne K. Ream

Rape in the U.S. military - How a fraternal culture and a habit of blaming the victim leave sexual violence unexamined and unpunished. LA Times - 30 January 2008 By Lucinda Marshall

A Wave of Sexual Terrorism In Iraq
Behind the rape and murder of an Iraqi girl and her family lies a far larger story of what's happened to women in Iraq since they were 'liberated' by the Bush administration. AlertNet - 14 July 2006 By Ruth Rosen

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Army Rape Accuser Speaks Out
Says She Was Treated 'Like A Criminal' By The Army
CBS News 60 Minutes - 20 February 2005

The eight-year veteran of the New Jersey National Guard had been AWOL for two months after refusing to return to Camp Shelby, Miss., where she says she was sexually assaulted by another lieutenant after a night of drinking with friends at the Officers Club.

"He raped you," asks Kroft.

"Yes," says Dyer.

"Is there any way he could have misinterpreted your intentions?" asks Kroft.

"I don't feel it's possible to misinterpret, 'No, don’t do this. Or stop.' Those are the words that I used again and again,” says Dyer.

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Sexual Assault in the Shadows The Boston Globe 12 September 2004
Male Victims in Military cite Devastating Impact on Career, Life

Male (and Female) Rape in the Military Florida Today Report By Alan Snel
Male Sex Abuse Revealed in Ranks - Thousands of male veterans report enduring sexual trauma during their military careers. By Alan Snel

Rape Hobbles Bush Administration Policies 26 May 2008 By Ann Wright

Airman Gets 50 Years in Rape Case 1 March 2007
Air Force captain sentenced to 50 years in prison for raping 4 men and attempting to rape two others. Taylor was convicted of two counts of attempted sodomy, four counts of forcible sodomy, two counts of kidnapping and one count of unlawful entry. Four of his victims were in the military and two were civilians. "Taylor's only crime was being gay in the military and violating the "don't ask, don't tell" policy, which bans people who are openly gay from serving in the armed forces", his civilian attorney, Martin Regan said.

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RAPE: How Many Victims Do Men Want?

If You Stay Silent and Do Nothing, you are as Guilty as the Rapist.